The general problem is: you're in a spaceship, with a certain velocity vector, and you want to reach a certain point in space at zero velocity. Your only control is a thruster which you can orient however you want, but it has a limit in its maximum thrust. How should you orient the thruster to reach the goal at zero speed in minimum time? In 3D you can always transform it to a 2D problem, by considering only the plane formed by three points: the ship, the destination point, and the tip of the velocity vector when its base is at the ship. But even in 2D it's a hard problem.
However, when reduced to a 1D problem (which happens if the initial velocity vector is aligned with the destination point) you can use formulas in linear motion physics to solve it. In your case, the angle is 1D, so it's exactly this case, save for the extra complication of circle wraparound. In your case linear velocity translates to angular velocity, thrust to torque, and position to angles.
So you have a starting point, x0, an initial speed, v, and ending point, x1, and a final speed which needs to be 0. If your initial velocity is 0, then you need to accelerate at maximum thrust until you reach the midpoint, then decelerate until you reach the destination. Obviously the travel will be symmetrical and you'll be at the destination at zero speed as desired.
If you have a nonzero initial speed, you need to calculate the braking point, i.e.
I have the calculations worked out for the case of linear movement, with no circular wraparound. Let me know if you want to find them out by yourself or you want me to post the formulas.
(Edited per the strikethrough/underline)
